Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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mrgmm
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Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Great Collection of Reservoir Characterization eBooks,,,,

Soft Computing for Reservoir Characterization and Modeling

The volume is the first comprehensive book in the area of intelligent reservoir characterization written by leading experts in academia and industry. It contains state-of-the-art techniques to be applied in reservoir geophysics, well logging, reservoir geology, and reservoir engineering. It introduces the basic concepts of soft computing techniques including neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary computing applied to reservoir characterization. Some advanced statistical and hybrid models are also presented. The specific applications include different reservoir characterization topics such as prediction of petrophysical properties from well logs and seismic attributes.


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Table of contents :
Front Matter....Pages I-XVII
Intelligent Reservoir Characterization....Pages 3-12
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
Prediction of Reservoir Properties by Monte Carlo Simulation and Artificial Neural Network in the Exploration Stage....Pages 15-33
Application of Neural Networks in Determining Petrophysical Properties from Seismic Survey....Pages 35-55
Mapping the Gas Column in an Aquifer Gas Storage with Neural Network Techniques....Pages 57-71
Interval and Fuzzy Kriging Techniques Applied to Geological and Geophysical Variables....Pages 73-103
Application of Self-Organizing Feature Maps to Reservoir Characterization....Pages 105-126
Front Matter....Pages 127-127
Taking One Step Forward in Reservoir Characterization Using Artificial Neural Networks....Pages 129-160
Inverting SP Logs Using Artificial Neural Networks and the Application in Reservoir Characterisation....Pages 161-181
Predicting Petrophysical Parameters in a Fuzzy Environment....Pages 183-217
The Application of Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms to Reservoir Characterization and Modeling....Pages 219-241
The Use of Soft Computing Techniques as Data Preprocessing and Postprocessing in Permeability Determination from Well Log Data....Pages 243-271
A New Technique to Estimate the Hydrocarbon Saturation in Shaly Formations: A Field Example in the Bahariya Formation, Egypt....Pages 273-309
Front Matter....Pages 311-311
Automated Reconstruction of a Basin Thermal History with Integrated Paleothermometry and Genetic Algorithm....Pages 313-329
An Automatic Geophysical Inversion Procedure Using a Genetic Algorithm....Pages 331-353
Statistical Pattern Recognition and Geostatistical Data Integration....Pages 355-386
How to Improve Reservoir Characterization Models Using Intelligent Systems....Pages 387-417
Regional Upscaling: a New Method to Upscale Heterogeneous Reservoirs for a Range of Force Regimes....Pages 419-461
Front Matter....Pages 463-463
New Uncertainty Measures for Predicted Geologic Properties from Seismic Attribute Calibration....Pages 465-480
Rule Induction Algorithm for Application to Geological and Petrophysical Data....Pages 481-510
Joint Lithologic Inversion....Pages 511-530
Front Matter....Pages 463-463
Support Vector Machines for Classification and Mapping of Reservoir Data....Pages 531-558
Non-parametric Covariance Modeling Using Fast Fourier Transform....Pages 559-584
Back Matter....Pages 585-586
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Reservoir Characterization II

Larry Lake (Auth.)

Reservoir characterization - a procedure for generating the input for numerical reservoir simulation - is crucial in the design and prediction of most oil recovery projects. This volume provides an in-depth, interdisciplinary survey of the current practices, problems, research, and trends in this important field. Leading authorities in reservoir engineering, geology, hydrology, and statistics present state-of-art methods of reservoir characterization. Papers focus on the microscopic, mesoscopic, macroscopic, and magascopic scales. ''Reservoir Characterization II'' is unique in its integration of data from a range of disciplines, and will be an indispensable reference for reservoir engineers, geologists, hydrologists, geohydrologists, petrophysicists, and geostatisticians


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CHARACTERISATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN POROUS MEDIA, Pages 2-26
A DUAL-POROSITY, SURFACE, AND MATRIX ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION MODEL FOR LOW-CONTRAST RESISTIVITY SANDSTONE FORMATIONS, Pages 27-51
THE INFLUENCE OF SMALL-SCALE HETEROGENEITY ON AVERAGE RELATIVE PERMEABILITY, Pages 52-76
CORE SAMPLE HETEROGENEITY FROM LABORATORY FLOW EXPERIMENTS, Pages 77-101
QUANTIFYING SATURATION DISTRIBUTION AND CAPILLARY PRESSURES USING CENTRIFUGE AND COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY, Pages 102-121
RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION AT THE MESOSCOPIC SCALE, Pages 123-165
PERMEABILITY VARIATIONS IN SANDSTONES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES, Pages 166-196
GENERATION OF EFFECTIVE RELATIVE PERMEABILITIES FROM DETAILED SIMULATION OF FLOW IN HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA, Pages 197-225
CHARACTERIZING SHALE CLAST HETEROGENEITIES AND THEIR EFFECT ON FLUID FLOW, Pages 226-250
ANALYSIS OF UPSCALING AND EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN DISORDERED MEDIA, Pages 251-276
ROCK VOLUMES: CONSIDERATIONS FOR RELATING WELL LOG AND CORE DATA, Pages 277-288
THE DERIVATION OF PERMEABILITY-POROSITY TRANSFORMS FOR THE H. O. MAHONEY LEASE, WASSON FIELD, YOAKUM COUNTY, TEXAS, Pages 289-312
A Discussion of Douglas E. Craig's “The Derivation of Permeability-Porosity Transforms for the H.O. Mahoney Lease, Wasson Field, Yoakum County, Texas”, Pages 313-314
PERMEABILITY PATTERNS IN SOME FLUVIAL SANDSTONES. AN OUTCROP STUDY FROM YORKSHIRE, NORTH EAST ENGLAND, Pages 315-338
RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT USING 3-D SEISMIC DATA, Pages 340-354
STOCHASTIC SIMULATION OF INTERWELL-SCALE HETEROGENEITY FOR IMPROVED PREDICTION OF SWEEP EFFICIENCY IN A CARBONATE RESERVOIR, Pages 355-381
MAXIMUM ENTROPY LITHO-POROSITY VOLUME FRACTION PREDICTIONS FROM Vp/Vs RATIO MEASUREMENTS, Pages 382-401
SCALING LAWS IN RESERVOIR SIMULATION AND THEIR USE IN A HYBRID FINITE DIFFERENCE/STREAMTUBE APPROACH TO SIMULATING THE EFFECTS OF PERMEABILITY HETEROGENEITY, Pages 402-441
INTERWELL GEOLOGY FROM GEOPHYSICAL DATA, Pages 442-459
CROSS-WELL SEISMOLOGY - A TOOL FOR RESERVOIR GEOPHYSICS, Pages 460-476
SECOND INTERNATIONAL RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION CONFERENCE, Pages 478-491
FIELD-SCALE RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION, Pages 493-496
EXAMPLES OF RESERVOIR SIMULATION STUDIES UTILIZING GEOSTATISTICAL MODELS OF RESERVOIR HETEROGENEITY, Pages 497-523
CONSTRUCTION OF A RESERVOIR MODEL BY INTEGRATING GEOLOGICAL AND ENGINEERING INFORMATION - BELL CREEK FIELD, A BARRIER/STRANDPLAIN RESERVOIR, Pages 524-556
LITHOLOGY PREDICTION FROM SEISMIC DATA, A MONTE-CARLO APPROACH, Pages 557-564
INFLUENCE OF LITHOLOGY AND GEOLOGIC STRUCTURE ON IN SITU STRESS: EXAMPLES OF STRESS HETEROGENEITY IN RESERVOIRS, Pages 565-578
FRACTAL HETEROGENEITY OF CLASTIC RESERVOIRS, Pages 579-612
ALGORITHMS FOR GENERATING AND ANALYSING SAND-BODY DISTRIBUTIONS, Pages 613-642
DETERMINING OPTIMUM ESTIMATION METHODS FOR INTERPOLATION AND EXTRAPOLATION OF RESERVOIR PROPERTIES: A CASE STUDY, Pages 644-651
EFFECTIVE RELATIVE PERMEABILITY FOR A 1-DIMENSIONAL HETEROGENEOUS RESERVOIR, Pages 652-655
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) IN DYNAMIC COREFLOODING STUDIES, Pages 656-658
A GAS RESERVOIR MODEL FOR THE DEVONIAN SHALE OF THE APPALACHIAN BASIN, Pages 659-661
HETEROGENEITY AND EFFECTIVE PERMEABILITY OF POROUS ROCKS: EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION, Pages 662-664
CHARACTERIZATION OF DELTA FRONT SANDSTONES FROM A FLUVIAL-DOMINATED DELTA SYSTEM, Pages 665-676
CONSTRUCTING A FLOW-UNIT MODEL FOR FLUVIAL SANDSTONES IN THE PEORIA FIELD, COLORADO, Pages 677-679
RESERVOIR CHARACTERS OF THE UNDERSALT TIGHT GAS-BEARING FORMATION AT WENLIU AREA DONGPU DEPRESSION, CHINA, Pages 680-682
DARCY'S AND CAPILLARY-PRESSURE LAWS DERIVED FROM SPACE AVERAGING FOR IMMISCIBLE TWO-PHASE FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA, Pages 683-685
GEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE GEOSTATISTICAL MODELING OF RESERVOIR PROPERTIES, Pages 686-688
A CROSSPLOT TECHNIQUE FOR DISCRIMINATION OF VARIOUS SANDSTONE FACIES IN BARRIER ISLAND SANDSTONE DEPOSITS, Pages 689-694
DRILLING FLUID DESIGN BASED ON RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION, Pages 695-697
GEOSTATISTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RESERVOIRS FOR OPTIMAL FIELD DEVELOPMENT, Pages 698-700
SANDBODY GEOMETRY IN FLUVIAL SYSTEMS - AN EXAMPL FROM THE JURASSIC OF YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND, Pages 701-703
Analyzing Permeability Anisotropy with a Minipermeameter: ABSTRACT, Page 704
Index, Pages 705-726
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Inverse Theory for Petroleum Reservoir Characterization and History Matching

Dean S. Oliver, Albert C. Reynolds, Ning Liu

This book is a guide to the use of inverse theory for estimation and conditional simulation of flow and transport parameters in porous media. It describes the theory and practice of estimating properties of underground petroleum reservoirs from measurements of flow in wells, and it explains how to characterize the uncertainty in such estimates. Early chapters present the reader with the necessary background in inverse theory, probability and spatial statistics. The book demonstrates how to calculate sensitivity coefficients and the linearized relationship between models and production data. It also shows how to develop iterative methods for generating estimates and conditional realizations. The text is written for researchers and graduates in petroleum engineering and groundwater hydrology and can be used as a textbook for advanced courses on inverse theory in petroleum engineering. It includes many worked examples to demonstrate the methodologies and a selection of exercises.

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Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication......Page 7
Contents......Page 9
Preface......Page 13
1.1 The forward problem......Page 15
1.2 The inverse problem......Page 17
2.1 Density of the Earth......Page 20
2.2 Acoustic tomography......Page 21
2.3 Steady-state 1D flow in porous media......Page 25
2.4 History matching in reservoir simulation......Page 32
2.5 Summary......Page 36
3 Estimation for linear inverse problems......Page 38
3.1 Characterization of discrete linear inverse problems......Page 39
3.1.1 The null space and range......Page 40
3.1.2 Underdetermined problems......Page 43
3.1.3 Overdetermined and mixed determined problems......Page 44
3.2.1 Gradient operators......Page 47
3.2.2 Solution of purely underdetermined problems......Page 50
3.2.3 Solution of purely overdetermined problems......Page 55
3.2.4 Regularized least-squares solution......Page 56
3.2.5 General regularization......Page 59
3.3 Singular value decomposition......Page 63
3.4 Backus and Gilbert method......Page 69
3.4.1 Least-squares estimation for accurate data......Page 72
3.4.2 Example: estimation of permeability from well test data......Page 75
4 Probability and estimation......Page 81
4.1 Random variables......Page 83
4.1.1 Example: permeability and porosity......Page 84
4.2 Expected values......Page 87
4.2.1 Variance, covariance, and correlation......Page 89
4.2.2 Random vectors......Page 90
4.3.1 Example: total depth of a well......Page 92
4.3.2 Example: location of a barrier from well test......Page 96
5.2 Univariate distribution......Page 100
5.2.2 Cumulative distribution plot......Page 101
5.2.3 Box plot......Page 102
5.2.4 Representative values......Page 104
5.3.1 Stationarity......Page 105
5.3.2 Transformation of variables......Page 107
5.3.3 Experimental covariance......Page 109
5.4 Gaussian random variables......Page 111
5.4.1 Covariance models......Page 112
5.4.2 Covariance matrix......Page 115
5.4.3 Covariance model selection......Page 116
5.4.4 Anisotropic covariance......Page 122
5.5 Random processes in function spaces......Page 124
6.1 Production data......Page 126
6.1.1 Drawdown tests......Page 127
6.1.2 Interference tests......Page 128
6.1.3 Tracer tests......Page 129
6.1.4 Water–oil ratio......Page 131
6.1.6 Sources of errors in production data......Page 132
6.2 Logs and core data......Page 133
6.3 Seismic data......Page 135
6.3.1 Seismic data acquisition......Page 137
6.3.2 Seismic data processing......Page 138
6.3.4 Seismic data inversion......Page 139
7.1 Conditional probability for linear problems......Page 141
7.1.1 Posteriori mean......Page 142
7.1.2 Maximum of the posterior PDF......Page 143
7.1.3 The posteriori covariance and variance......Page 144
7.2 Model resolution......Page 145
7.2.2 1D example – well-logs......Page 146
7.2.3 Well-testing example......Page 148
7.2.4 The resolution of permeability......Page 150
7.3 Doubly stochastic Gaussian random field......Page 151
7.3.1 Doubly stochastic model – example......Page 153
7.4 Matrix inversion identities......Page 155
8.1 Shape of the objective function......Page 157
8.1.1 Evaluation of quality of estimate......Page 159
8.2 Minimization problems......Page 160
8.2.1 Maximum likelihood estimate......Page 161
8.2.2 MAP estimate......Page 162
8.3 Newton-like methods......Page 163
8.3.1 Newton’s method for minimization......Page 164
8.3.2 Gauss–Newton method......Page 165
8.3.3 Gauss–Newton for generating the MAP estimate......Page 167
8.3.4 Restricted-step method for calculation of step size......Page 168
8.4 Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm......Page 171
8.4.1 Spectral analysis of Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm......Page 173
8.4.2 Effects of ill-conditioning......Page 175
8.5 Convergence criteria......Page 177
8.5.2 Convergence of algorithms......Page 179
8.6 Scaling......Page 181
8.7.1 Strong Wolfe conditions......Page 186
8.7.2 Quadratic and cubic line search algorithms......Page 189
8.8 BFGS and LBFGS......Page 194
8.8.1 Theoretical overview of BFGS......Page 197
8.8.2 Convergence rate of BFGS......Page 198
8.8.3 Scaling of BFGS......Page 200
8.8.4 Efficient implementation of BFGS......Page 203
8.8.5 Limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm......Page 205
8.9 Computational examples......Page 206
8.9.1 2D three-phase example......Page 207
8.9.2 3D three-phase example......Page 212
9.1 The Fréchet´ derivative......Page 214
9.1.2 Frechet´ derivative approach......Page 216
9.1.3 Adjoint approach to calculate Frechét derivative......Page 217
9.2.1 Generic finite-dimensional problem......Page 220
9.2.3 Sensitivity by the adjoint method......Page 222
9.2.4 Sensitivity by finite-difference method......Page 223
9.3 One-dimensional steady-state flow......Page 224
9.3.1 Direct method......Page 227
9.3.2 The adjoint method......Page 229
9.3.3 Finite-difference method......Page 230
9.4 Adjoint methods applied to transient single-phase flow......Page 231
9.4.1 Discrete and semidiscrete flow equations......Page 232
9.5 Adjoint equations......Page 237
9.5.1 Solution of the adjoint equations......Page 241
9.6 Sensitivity calculation example......Page 242
9.6.2 Sensitivities from the direct method......Page 243
9.6.3 Sensitivities from the adjoint method......Page 244
9.7.1 The reservoir simulator......Page 246
9.7.2 Adjoint equations and sensitivities......Page 250
9.7.3 Compact derivation of sensitivities......Page 258
9.7.4 G times a vector......Page 261
9.7.6 Comments on sensitivities......Page 262
9.8 Reparameterization......Page 263
9.8.1 Pilot- and master-point methods......Page 265
9.8.2 The master-point method......Page 267
9.9.1 Sensitivity examples......Page 268
9.9.2 History-matching example......Page 271
9.10.1 Approximate a posteriori covariance matrix......Page 275
9.10.2 Normalized variance......Page 276
9.10.3 Dimensionless sensitivity matrix......Page 277
9.10.4 Example......Page 278
10 Quantifying uncertainty......Page 283
10.1 Introduction to Monte Carlo methods......Page 284
10.1.1 Calculating expectations......Page 285
10.2 Sampling based on experimental design......Page 288
10.2.1 Screening designs......Page 290
10.2.2 Response surface modeling......Page 296
10.3 Gaussian simulation......Page 300
10.3.1 Generating (pseudo) random numbers......Page 301
10.3.2 Cholesky or square-root method......Page 302
10.3.3 Moving average......Page 304
10.3.4 Truncated Gaussian simulation......Page 309
10.4.1 Rejection method......Page 315
10.4.2 Markov chain Monte Carlo......Page 320
10.4.3 Markov random fields......Page 326
10.5 Simulation methods based on minimization......Page 333
10.5.2 RML for linear inverse problems......Page 337
10.5.3 RML for nonlinear inverse problems......Page 341
10.5.4 RML as Markov chain Monte Carlo......Page 343
10.6 Conceptual model uncertainty......Page 348
10.7.1 Pilot point......Page 351
10.7.2 Gradual deformation......Page 352
10.8 Comparison of uncertainty quantification methods......Page 354
10.8.1 Test problem......Page 355
10.8.2 Results analysis......Page 356
10.8.3 Discussion......Page 360
11.1 Basic concepts of data assimilation......Page 361
11.2 Theoretical framework......Page 362
11.3 Kalman filter and extended Kalman filter......Page 364
11.4 The ensemble Kalman filter......Page 367
11.5 Application of EnKF to strongly nonlinear problems......Page 369
11.5.1 Nonlinear dynamic system......Page 370
11.5.2 Implementation of the EnRML......Page 371
11.6 1D example with nonlinear dynamics and observation operator......Page 372
11.7 Example – geologic facies......Page 373
11.7.1 Matching facies observations at wells......Page 375
11.7.2 Matching production data......Page 377
References......Page 381
Index......Page 392
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs: The Identification, Description and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Carbonate Rocks

W. M. Ahr


The book is a very good overview of all aspects of carbonate reservoirs. Its strength lies in its clear didactical form and its focus on petrophysical aspects. The weaknesses are the lack of color photographs of carbonate rocks and thin sections, as well as a poor treatment of the sequence stratigraphy of rocks. The book "Carbonate Sedmentology and Sequence Stratigraphy" by W. Schlager published in 2005 is not mentioned at all. This is a clear flaw.


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GEOLOGY OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS......Page 4
CONTENTS......Page 8
PREFACE......Page 14
ABOUT THIS BOOK......Page 18
1 INTRODUCTION......Page 20
1.1.1 Carbonates......Page 21
1.1.2 Reservoirs......Page 23
1.2 Finding and Developing Carbonate Reservoirs......Page 25
1.2.1 Sources of Data on Reservoirs......Page 26
1.3 Unique Attributes of Carbonates......Page 28
Review Questions......Page 31
2.1 Definitions......Page 32
2.2 Fundamental Rock Properties......Page 33
2.2.1 Texture......Page 34
2.2.2 Fabric......Page 37
2.3 Classification of Carbonate Rocks......Page 39
2.3.1 Classification of Detrital Carbonates......Page 46
2.3.2 Classification of Reef Rocks......Page 47
2.4 Dependent or Derived Rock Properties......Page 49
2.4.1 Porosity......Page 50
2.4.1.1 Porosity Classifications......Page 53
2.4.1.2 The Archie Classification......Page 54
2.4.1.3 The Choquette–Pray Classification......Page 55
2.4.1.4 The Lucia Classification......Page 58
2.4.2 A New Genetic Classification for Carbonate Porosity......Page 61
2.4.3 Permeability......Page 63
2.5.1 Borehole Logs and Carbonate Reservoirs......Page 66
2.5.2 Tertiary Rock Properties and the Seismograph......Page 72
Review Questions......Page 73
3.1.1 Saturation......Page 75
3.1.2 Wettability......Page 81
3.1.3 Capillarity......Page 82
3.2 Capillary Pressure and Reservoir Performance......Page 83
3.2.1 Capillary Pressure, Pores, and Pore Throats......Page 85
3.2.2 Converting Air–Mercury Capillary Pressures to Oil–Water Equivalents......Page 88
3.2.4 Evaluating Seal Capacity......Page 89
3.3 Fluid Withdrawal Efficiency......Page 90
Review Questions......Page 93
4 STRATIGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES......Page 95
4.1 Carbonate Depositional Platforms......Page 96
4.1.1 Rimmed and Open Shelves......Page 99
4.1.2 Homoclinal and Distally Steepened Ramps......Page 101
4.2.1 Rock Units......Page 102
4.2.2 Time Units......Page 103
4.3 Correlation......Page 105
4.4 Anatomy of Depositional Units......Page 107
4.4.1 Facies, Successions, and Sequences......Page 110
4.4.2 Environmental Subdivisions and Standard Depositional Successions......Page 112
4.5.1 Definitions and Scales of Observation......Page 118
4.5.3 Sequence Stratigraphy in Exploration and Development......Page 121
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 123
Review Questions......Page 124
5 DEPOSITIONAL CARBONATE RESERVOIRS......Page 125
5.1 Depositional Porosity......Page 127
5.2 Depositional Environments and Processes......Page 128
5.2.1 The Beach–Dune Environment......Page 129
5.2.2 Depositional Rock Properties in Beach–Dune Successions......Page 131
5.2.3 Tidal-Flat and Lagoon Environments......Page 136
5.2.4 Depositional Rock Properties in Tidal Flat–Lagoon Successions......Page 138
5.2.5 The Shallow Subtidal (Neritic) Environment......Page 140
5.2.6 Depositional Rock Properties in Shallow Subtidal Successions......Page 142
5.2.7 The Slope-Break Environment......Page 143
5.2.8 Depositional Rock Properties in Slope-Break Successions......Page 144
5.2.9 The Slope Environment......Page 145
5.2.10 Depositional Rock Properties in the Slope and Slope-Toe Environments......Page 147
5.2.11 Basinal Environments......Page 148
5.2.12 Depositional Rock Properties in Basinal Environments......Page 149
5.2.13 Ideal Depositional Successions Illustrated......Page 152
5.3 Paleotopography and Depositional Facies......Page 153
5.4 Diagnosis and Mapping of Depositional Reservoirs......Page 156
Review Questions......Page 160
6.1 Diagenesis and Diagenetic Processes......Page 163
6.1.1 Definition of Diagenesis......Page 164
6.1.2 Diagenetic Processes......Page 165
6.2 Diagenetic Porosity......Page 169
6.3 Diagenetic Environments and Facies......Page 172
6.3.1 Diagenetic Facies......Page 174
6.4 Diagenetically Enhanced Porosity......Page 175
6.4.1 Enhancement by Recrystallization......Page 177
6.4.2 Enhancement by Solution Enlargement......Page 179
6.4.3 Large-Scale Dissolution-Related Porosity......Page 180
6.4.5 Recognizing Enhanced Porosity......Page 182
6.5 Porosity Reduction by Diagenesis......Page 183
6.5.2 Pore Reduction by Recrystallization......Page 184
6.5.3 Pore Reduction by Replacement......Page 185
6.5.4 Pore Reduction by Cementation......Page 186
6.5.5 Recognizing Diagenetically Reduced Porosity......Page 189
6.6 Diagnosing and Mapping Diagenetic Reservoirs......Page 190
Suggestions for Further Reading......Page 193
Review Questions......Page 194
7.1 Fractures and Fractured Reservoirs......Page 195
7.1.2 Types of Fractures......Page 196
7.1.3 Genetic Classification of Fractures......Page 197
7.1.4 Fracture Morphology......Page 200
7.1.5 Where Do Fractures Occur?......Page 203
7.2 Fracture Permeability, Porosity, and S(w)......Page 205
7.2.1 Fracture Permeability......Page 206
7.2.2 Fracture Porosity......Page 207
7.2.3 S(w) in Fractured Reservoirs......Page 208
7.3 Classification of Fractured Reservoirs......Page 209
7.4 Detecting Fractured Reservoirs......Page 210
7.4.2 Indirect Methods to Detect Fractures in the Borehole......Page 211
7.6 Identifying and Developing Fractured Reservoirs......Page 214
Review Questions......Page 217
8 SUMMARY: GEOLOGY OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS......Page 219
8.1 Rock Properties and Diagnostic Methods......Page 220
8.1.1 Fundamental Rock Properties and Depositional Reservoirs......Page 221
8.1.2 Reservoir Morphology......Page 222
8.1.4 Tertiary Properties and Petrophysical Characteristics......Page 223
8.2 Data Requirements......Page 225
8.2.2 Field Scale Studies......Page 226
8.2.3 Quality Ranking of Flow Units......Page 227
8.3 Depositional Reservoirs......Page 228
8.3.1 Finding and Interpreting Depositional Reservoirs......Page 229
8.3.2 Selected Examples of Depositional Reservoirs......Page 232
8.3.2.1 North Haynesville Field......Page 233
8.3.2.2 Conley Field......Page 238
8.4.1 Finding and Interpreting Diagenetic Reservoirs......Page 243
8.4.2 Field Examples of Diagenetic Reservoirs......Page 245
8.4.2.1 Overton FIeld......Page 246
8.4.2.2 Happy Field......Page 250
8.5.1 Finding and Interpreting Fractured Reservoirs......Page 258
8.5.2 Field Examples of Fractured Reservoirs......Page 259
8.5.2.1 Quanah City Field......Page 260
8.5.2.2 Dickinson Field......Page 263
8.6 Conclusions......Page 268
Review Questions......Page 273
REFERENCES......Page 274
INDEX......Page 288
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Fuzzy Partial Differential Equations and Relational Equations: Reservoir Characterization and Modeling

Masoud Nikravesh, F. Aminzadeh (auth.), Prof. Masoud Nikravesh, Prof. Dr. Lotfi A. Zadeh, Dr. Victor Korotkikh (eds.)

This monograph presents the latest advances of fuzzy logic and soft computing in reservoir characterization and modeling. It proposes for the first time that future develoments require perception-based information processing. The book presents important steps in this direction by introducing fuzzy partial differential equations and relational equations. It provides a unique opportunity for soft computing researchers and oil industry practitioners to understand the significance of the changes in the fields by presenting recent accomplishments and new directions.



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Front Matter....Pages I-XIV
Soft Computing for Reservoir Characterization....Pages 1-79
An Approach to the Mathematical Theory of Perception-Based Information....Pages 80-115
Fuzzy Neural Networks Based on Fuzzy Logic Algebras Valued Relations....Pages 116-129
Simulating continuous dynamical systems under conditions of uncertainty: the probability and the possibility approaches....Pages 130-152
Resolution of Min-Max Fuzzy Relational Equations....Pages 153-166
Fuzzy Relation Equations with Words....Pages 167-185
A Normative View on Possibility Distributions....Pages 186-205
FREs: the ODEs and PDEs of the Fuzzy Modelling Paradigm....Pages 206-224
Equations and Inequalities With BK-Products of Relations....Pages 225-250
Decomposition of Fuzzy Relations and Functional Relations....Pages 251-266
Introduction to Modeling of Hydrogeologic Systems Using Fuzzy Differential Equations....Pages 267-284
Construction of Granular Derivatives and Solution of Granular Initial Value Problem....Pages 285-307
Numerical solutions of fuzzy partial differential equations and its applications in computational mechanics....Pages 308-347
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Characterization of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs

Wayne Narr (Ed.)

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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

Post by Bilal Amjad »

A Wonderful contribution indeed.

Do you have
Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: A Geologic-Engineering Analysis, Part I & II [Elsevier].

JazakAllah & Regards,

Bilal A.
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: A Geologic-engineering Analysis, Part I


G.V. Chilingarian, S.J. Mazzullo and H.H. Rieke (Eds.)
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Thank you FANARCO. :)
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Carbonate Reservoir Characterization: A Geologic-Engineering Analysis, Part II


Author(s): H.H. Rieke, S.J. Mazzullo
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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Thank you Fanarco!!!!!
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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1000 thanks FANARCO .....
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Re: Download ALL Reservoir Characterization eBooks

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dehdouh2010 wrote:1000 thanks FANARCO .....
You are most welcome
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