Chemical Industry and other Technologies

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team2012
Posts: 7
Joined: Tue Jul 26, 2011 11:31 am

Chemical Industry and other Technologies

Post by team2012 »

An important driving force to develop chemical industry is the need of chemicals to improve agricultural and industrial products and people’s daily life, which depends on chemistry, physics, mathematics and other various engineering techniques. Among all these disciplines, chemistry keeps the closest relationship with chemical industry and it is the base of chemical industry’s development. Once, disciplines like “industrial chemistry”, “applied chemistry” appeared and played a certain role in developing chemical industry. In addition, capital construction of chemical industry can not leave civil engineering and electrical power engineering. Chemical machinery can not leave mechanical engineering and all sorts of metal materials including stainless steel and special steel. What mechanical engineering pays most attention to is the reliability under high temperature and high pressure which means the probability of the systems, equipments and elements to realize required functions under specified conditions. As the equipment production of modern chemical industry tends to be in a large size with a single set, it is pretty important to study the probability.
Micro electronic techniques develop computers, microprocessors and information technology. The application of large-scale and super-large-scale integration in micro electronic techniques puts many new requirements on chemical industry. For instance, chemical industry must produce hyperpuregas, pure water, optical resist, liquid crystal, caustics, dopant and adhesive and so on for micro electronic techniques. Hyperpuregas used in micro electronic techniques includes both common gases like oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, Carbon-dioxide and argon and many other nonexistent gases in nature like borane, boron trichloride, dichorsilane and carbon tetrafluoride. The purity of these chemical products extremely influences the finished product ratio of semiconductor. Finished product ratio can reach 10 percent if industrial gas is used in the process. While if gases with impurity level less than 10 parts per million and some corresponding high purity chemical reagents are used the process, finished product ratio can reach 70 to 80 percent.
Biotechnology has been widely used in chemical industry. In recent years, biotechnology has begun to make use of immobilized cells to produce acrylic amide through vinyl cyanide. In addition, enzymes especially immobilized enzymes have also been used to produce organic products. It is effective to apply biotechnology to chemical industry, for the application can be of small investment, less energy and pollution. Many materials like interferon, insulin and monoclonal antibody which are rather difficult to obtain through conventional methods in chemical industry can be produced through biotechnology. Biotechnology comes up with many new requirements for chemical engineering and a new discipline named “biochemical engineering” has appeared. Biochemical engineering is to study biological catalyst, biochemical reaction engineering and new type unit operation. Nowadays lots of achievements in this field have been obtained.
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